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Everything you always wanted to know about...
loo paper!
Did you know...in the late 1700s, women discreetly hid a small portion of tissue in a fan, dubbed "Madame’s Double Utility Fan".
A sample was found in a 1785 house. It contained a compartment in the handle which held about 150 sheets of bath tissue, cut to conform to the fan’s shape.

Well, I never knew that!!

See Charmin's US site for more amazing facts!!
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Well, I never knew that!
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Odd and Interesting Facts

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Global warming

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Global warming is here to stay - and it means a new ice age in Britain is not that far away - global warming melts the ice caps which cools down the gulf stream. If the Gulf Stream cools down then it won't come as far north and Britain will get colder. We are on the same latitude as the snowy wastes of Canada - it only the Gulf Stream which ensures our relatively balmy pastoral climate.

You can work out how much you add to global warming on a daily basis at the Carbon Calculator and see who doesn't believe in global warming and why on the Greenpeace sceptics page and also if you check out Weather Action where they believe it's the sun's action and not global warming which is making a difference to our weather.

You can make a difference to the rainforests with a simple click.

And, coming back closer to home, become 'carbon neutral' in the UK with Forest Futures

See also the Floodline website

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Laughing Gas
is no laughing matter.
(Yes, it's the gas and air used in childbirth)

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Nitrous oxide, NO2, is the laughing gas associated with dental surgery, writes Evening Standard Science Correspondent Geraint Smith.

It is a clear, colourless, oxidising liquefied gas with a slightly sweet odour. It is stable and inert at room temperature and the most frequent use is as an anaesthetic.

It is also used as a food processing propellant - in some foamed "cream-from-a-can" for example. In the chemical industry its uses include a role in making the sub-stance that inflates airbags, and in drag racing to boost engine horsepower.

When used as an anaesthetic, the gas is always blended with oxygen. Pure nitrous oxide causes asphyxiation resulting ultimately in respiratory arrest as it both breaks down the central nervous system, and deprives the person breathing it of oxygen.

The gas is produced by breaking down ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), a common ingredient used in fertilisers and explosives.

It starts acting as an anaesthetic when inhaled at concentrations of about 10per cent. At higher concentrations, approaching 100per cent, the effects of NO2 poisoning include a "high", a sense of wellbeing that has led to abuse (in the United States many states make possession an offence).

It leads to loss of balance, loss of awareness of any stimuli, including loud noises, and speech, sharp mental deterioration and eventual lapse into unconsciousness.

The main effect is depression of the central nervous system, including the brain, stem and spinal cord, which eventually stops involuntary actions including breathing, partly because of the effect of the gas itself, but also because of oxygen deprivation.

A person rendered unconscious by nitrous oxide is likely to stop breathing within a few seconds. All it takes is a series of breaths without oxygen in between. If a person remains conscious and stops breathing the nitrous oxide, full recovery is likely within minutes. However, someone who continues to inhale the pure gas after losing consciousness will almost certainly die.

The gas works by absorption through the lungs and rapid distribution throughout the body. The gas absorbs oxygen present in the body and this in turn results in a sudden, chronic deficiency of vitamin B12 - the symptoms of which are a reduction in the number of red blood cells, and degeneration of the nerves.
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Did you know...
How to make Black Pudding!

Text © Sue Wentworth-Sheilds MSc MInstD FRSA
and
www.motherwise .co.uk

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